As heatwaves become more frequent and intense due to climate change, experts say the clothes people wear can make a significant difference in staying cool, preventing heat-related illnesses and even reducing electricity bills.
Researchers say wearing suitable clothing during hot weather can allow people to raise their air conditioner temperature by around 2°C without sacrificing comfort, helping cut energy consumption and lower carbon emissions.
Is White Better Than Black?
White clothing has long been considered the best choice for summer because it reflects sunlight, while black absorbs more heat.
However, experts say colour is only one factor. The type of fabric and how loosely clothing fits the body can have an even greater impact on keeping cool.
A well-known study on Bedouins living in desert regions found that loose black robes do not necessarily make the body hotter. Instead, the fabric absorbs heat but allows it to escape through air circulation, particularly in windy conditions.
Experts say white remains the better option for tight-fitting clothes, but loose black garments can also provide effective cooling.
Loose Clothing Works Best
According to specialists, loose-fitting clothing is one of the most effective ways to stay comfortable during extreme heat.
Loose garments create space between the fabric and the skin, improving airflow and allowing sweat to evaporate more efficiently, which naturally cools the body.
Textured fabrics such as seersucker and piqué are also recommended because they stay away from the skin instead of sticking to it.
Choosing the Right Fabric
Textile experts recommend lightweight and breathable materials during hot weather.
Cotton is soft and breathable but absorbs sweat and dries slowly. Linen offers excellent airflow, although it also takes time to dry. Merino wool effectively manages moisture while reducing odours, making it suitable for outdoor activities.
Synthetic fabrics such as nylon and polyester dry quickly and wick moisture away from the body, making them popular for sportswear, although they may retain odours more easily. Some studies also suggest bamboo-based fabrics provide additional cooling and comfort.
Dry vs Humid Weather
Experts note that different climates require different clothing choices.
In dry weather, moisture-absorbing fabrics help sweat evaporate quickly, improving natural cooling. In humid conditions, breathable fabrics that allow both air and moisture to pass through are more effective because sweat evaporates more slowly.
Modern Cooling Technology
Scientists are developing advanced fabrics that become more breathable as temperatures increase. Some experimental materials can even absorb excess body heat, helping wearers remain comfortable during extreme temperatures.
Experts also recommend lightly dampening clothing or placing a wet towel around the neck. As the water evaporates, it removes heat from the body through evaporative cooling.
Overall, health experts advise choosing light-coloured, loose-fitting and breathable clothing during heatwaves while protecting exposed skin from harmful UV rays. They say the fit of the garment is often more important than its colour when it comes to staying cool.
Also read: France Shuts Nuclear Reactors as Heatwave Intensifies
